This comprehensive review of GLP-1 biology details the two active human forms, noting that about 80% of circulating GLP-1 immunoreactivity corresponds to GLP-1 (7-36 amide) and about 20% to glycine-extended GLP-1 (7-37). It reports that GLP-1 (7-36amide) and GLP-1 (7-37) are equally potent at stimulating insulin and C-peptide secretion, while GLP-1 (1-37) has much lower insulinotropic efficacy. The review also covers DPP-4 cleavage of the 7-36amide form into GLP-1 (9-36amide), a low-affinity receptor ligand — the mechanism behind the native hormone's minutes-long half-life.
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